The cylinder head is usually made of cast iron or aluminum and contains several critical elements. These include the combustion chambers, where the air and fuel mixture is ignited by the spark plugs to produce power. The intake and exhaust ports are also found in the cylinder head, allowing the flow of air and exhaust gases in and out of the cylinders. The valve train, including the intake and exhaust valves, valve springs, and camshafts, is mounted on the cylinder head and controls the opening and closing of the intake and exhaust ports.

The cylinder head plays a crucial role in sealing the top of the cylinders and ensuring efficient combustion and gas flow within the engine. It also houses various gaskets and seals to prevent any leaks of coolant, oil, or compression gases.